Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that affects the central portion of the retina, known as the macula. It is a progressive disease that can cause significant vision loss in older adults. There are two types of AMD - dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD is the most common and is characterized by the gradual breakdown of cells in the macula, leading to the formation of drusen deposits. Wet AMD, on the other hand, is less common but more severe, as it involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels underneath the retina. Risk factors for AMD include age, genetics, smoking, and obesity. There is currently no cure for AMD, but there are treatments available, such as anti-VEGF injections for wet AMD and supplements for dry AMD. Research in this area is focused on developing new treatments, understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease, and identifying risk factors that can help with early detection and prevention.